Meta, which owns and operates key social media platforms, has signed a series of nuclear power agreements designed to supply electricity for its expanding AI infrastructure across the US. Meta’s platforms include Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger and Threads. The company also operates an advertising network for its own sites and third parties.
The agreements involve a deal with power producer Vistra Corp to purchase electricity from three operating NPPs and partnerships with reactor developers TerraPower and Oklo. The financial details were not disclosed.
These projects will deliver power to the grids that support Meta’s operations, including its Prometheus supercluster in New Albany, Ohio. Meta owns and operates several prominent social media platforms and communication services, including Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger and Threads. The company also operates an advertising network for its own sites and third parties.
The agreements, which followed a request for proposals (RFP) issued by Meta in December 2024, will support up to 6.6 GWe of new and existing capacity by 2035. This follows an agreement with Constellation Energy in 2025.
With Vistra, Meta signed 20-year power purchase agreements (PPAs) for 2,176 MWe from the Perry and Davis-Besse plants in Ohio; in addition to energy from uprates at those plants as well as from the Beaver Valley NPP in Pennsylvania. The PPAs will support 20-year licence renewal for each of the reactors, Vistra said. All three plants have received an initial licence renewal from the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, clearing them to operate for a further 20 years beyond their initial 40-year licence. Beaver Valley 1 is currently licenced until 2036; Davis-Besse to 2037; Perry to 2046; and Beaver Valley 2 to 2047.
Power purchases under the agreements will begin in late 2026, with additional capacity added by 2034, when 2,609 MWe will be online. Vistra President & CEO Jim Burke said the collaboration will ensure the continued operation of the plants for decades to come while providing a “competitive solution” to support sustainable operations. “Importantly, this commitment from Meta provides Vistra the certainty needed to invest in these plants and communities and bring new nuclear generation online for the grid – through uprates at our existing plants.”
The plants had been scheduled to close before Vistra acquired them in 2023. “Fast-forward to today and we’re investing in expanding these same plants, and thanks to our dedicated employees and a committed partner like Meta, this fleet will continue to provide reliable, carbon-free energy to power the grid of the future,” said Vistra Chief Strategy & Sustainability Officer Stacey Doré.
In 2025, a 20-year PPA with Meta also ensured the long-term operation of Constellation Energy’s Clinton Clean Energy Centre, which had also been slated for premature closure until the state of Illinois enacted legislation recognising its clean energy credentials.
Start-up TerraPower will receive funding from Meta to support development of up to eight Natrium sodium cooled fast reactors including two units capable of generating up to 690 MWe with delivery promised for 2032, plus the rights for energy from up to six more units capable of producing 2.1 GW and targeted for delivery by 2035.
TerraPower began non-nuclear construction for its first Natrium plant, in Wyoming, in June 2024 and says construction will be completed by 2030. The project is being supported by the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program.
TerraPower President and CEO Chris Levesque said the agreement with Meta is designed to support the rapid deployment of the Natrium technology. “With our first Natrium plant under development, we have completed our design, established our supply chain, and cleared key regulatory milestones. These successes mean our TerraPower team is well-positioned to deliver on this historic multi-unit delivery agreement.”
Start-up Oklo will receive support for development of a 1,200 MWe power campus in Pike County, Ohio, with Meta providing funding to advance project certainty for deployment of Oklo’s Aurora powerhouse and prepayment for power. Oklo’s sodium-cooled Aurora powerhouse is a fast-neutron reactor that uses heat pipes to transport heat from the reactor core to a supercritical carbon dioxide power conversion system to generate electricity.
According to Oklo, pre-construction and site characterisation are scheduled to begin this year, with the first phase targeted to come online by 2030. The plans for the scalable powerhouse facility are expected to expand incrementally to deliver up to the full target of 1,200 MWe by 2034.
“We have finalised the purchase of over 200 acres in Pike County and are excited to announce this agreement in support of a multi-year effort with Meta to deliver clean energy and create long-term, high-quality jobs in Ohio,” said Oklo Co-founder & CEO Jacob DeWitte. “Meta’s funding commitment in support of early procurement and development activity is a major step in moving advanced nuclear forward.” Oklo became publicly traded in 2024 through a merger with a special-purpose acquisition company (SPAC) led by OpenAI CEO Sam Altman.
The timelines of both Terrapower and Oklo are ambitious, given the complex technology involved and their stage of development. Urvi Parekh, Director of Global Energy at Meta, acknowledged this but emphasised the importance of ambitious goals. She explained that meeting these timelines would require the companies to rapidly identify sites acceptable to nuclear regulators, collaborate with utilities to secure grid connections, and establish manufacturing operations. However, achieving these deadlines would allow the projects to address the immediate demand for additional electricity needed to support AI computing operations.
“State-of-the-art data centres and AI infrastructure are essential to securing America’s position as a global leader in AI,” said Meta Chief Global Affairs Officer Joel Kaplan. “Nuclear energy will help power our AI future, strengthen our country’s energy infrastructure, and provide clean, reliable electricity for everyone. These projects are going to create thousands of skilled jobs in Ohio and Pennsylvania, add new energy to the grid, extend the life of three existing nuclear plants, and accelerate new reactor technologies.”
Meta noted: “Our agreements with Vistra, TerraPower, and Oklo – and the one we signed with Constellation Energy last year – make Meta one of the most significant corporate purchasers of nuclear energy in American history. At Meta, we’re focused on building personal superintelligence for everyone, and delivering the app experiences and computing devices that will improve the lives of billions of people around the world. Our industry-leading data centers are the backbone of these breakthroughs – they provide the infrastructure that drives innovation and brings transformative technologies to life. Innovation at this scale requires more electricity, and that’s where nuclear energy comes in. It provides clean, reliable, and firm electricity that helps power America’s economy and communities.”
Other technology-nuclear sector deals include Amazon’s investment in reactor developer X-energy, Microsoft’s 20-year power-purchase agreement with Constellation to facilitate the restart of the Three Mile Island plant in Pennsylvania, and a Google-NextEra Energy partnership to reopen the Duane Arnold NPP in Iowa.
